Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. According to the National Cancer Registry Programme of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), India recorded an estimated 3.9 million cancer cases in 2016. It is quite possible that more than half of cancer deaths could be prevented if proper measures could be taken. In this article we will disc...

  When Arvind scheduled his oncology doctor's appointment, he’d already been to a number of different doctors. It had taken months for his local doctors to figure out that the ulcer in his mouth was not a simple sore. As his visit with the oncologist neared, he was eager to get some clear guidance and form a treatment plan. But wh...

Activating the immune system for therapeutic benefit in cancer has emerged as one of the most promising developments in immunology and oncology. In the past few decades, scientists have been trying to manipulate the human immune system to attack cancer cells. It's called immune therapy (or immunotherapy) and it works by harnessing the body's o...

Immunotherapy is a type of treatment that uses drugs to stimulate a person’s own immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells more effectively. Immunotherapy is being increasingy  used to treat some forms of non-small cell lung cancer of the lung, also known as NSCLC in short. This subset can be diagnosed by assessing PDL-1 expres...

Prostate Cancer is the most frequently diagnosed visceral cancer of men that affects thousands of men each year who are middle-aged or older. It occurs when the cells in the prostate gland grow in an abnormal way, creating a lump of tissue, known as a 'tumour'. Prostate cancer affects the prostate gland, a small, squishy gland that produces some of...

Since its introduction in the late 1980s, PSA test has been called one of the most important screening tests for the early detection of Prostate cancer. A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test measures the level of a protein called prostate-specific antigen (PSA) produced by both cancerous and noncancerous prostate tissue, which is made b...

Prostate cancer is a serious and the second most frequent cause of male cancer-related deaths that affects thousands of men each year who are middle-aged or older. The disease is common in men older than age 50. Prostate cancer is the malignancy of prostate cells growing out of control in prostate gland, a small walnut-sized gland present only in ...

Some breast cancer cells need estrogen and/or progesterone (female hormones produced in the body) to grow. All tumors are checked for hormone receptor status.   This analysis is done a specialized lab where immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization facilities are available. A  specialist pathologist then determines the hormone ...

If there is breast lump or other suspicious symptoms, and if other tests such as ultrasound/mammogram show that you may have breast cancer, you will probably need to have a biopsy.  However, a breast biopsy procedure doesn’t always mean you have breast cancer. It is heartening to know that most biopsy results are negative, that means not...

According to the World Health Organization, Breast Cancer is the most common form of cancer diagnosed in women and has become the leading cause of mortality amongst women globally. The incidence of breast cancer is rising sharply in developing countries due to changes in reproductive factors, increasing urbanization, adoption of western lifest...